If eighty percent of students fail a standardized department exam, what is the principal's first step?

The principal's first step should be to examine the test questions. This action allows the principal to gather critical information about the assessment itself, including whether the questions are aligned with the curriculum standards and whether they are appropriate for the students’ skill levels. Understanding the nature of the exam is crucial, as it may reveal inconsistencies, bias, or ambiguity that could lead to poor performance.

By delving into the test questions, the principal can identify specific areas where students struggled and determine whether the test accurately measures the intended knowledge and skills. This foundational analysis will inform any further steps, such as consulting with faculty to discuss instructional strategies, altering the curriculum, or communicating with parents about the outcomes and what interventions or changes might be needed. Thus, examining the test questions is a proactive and essential first action in addressing the underlying issues contributing to the high failure rate.